Mobile devices having movable displays and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. A mobile communication device configured in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure, for example, including a first component having a front side and a first periphery edge, and a second component operably coupled to the first component. The second component is rotatably movable about the front side of the first component into at least first, second, and third operating positions. The second component includes a second periphery edge, and the first and second periphery edges remain generally parallel with each other as the second component rotatably moves between the first, second, and third operating positions.