Apparatuses and methods are provided for transmitting and receiving uncompressed audio or video (AV) data by applying a different coding rate to each bit or each group of bits included in the uncompressed AV data according to significance of each bit or each group of bits. The apparatus for transmitting the uncompressed AV data includes a grouping unit which classifies bits of each pixel included in the uncompressed AV data into at least two groups of bits according to a significance of the bits; an encoding unit which performs error correction encoding on each of the at least two groups using a different coding rate; and a radio frequency (RF) processing unit which transmits the encoded, uncompressed AV data, which includes the pixels on which the error-correction encoding was performed, using a communication channel.