The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for processing an authentication of a mobile terminal, wherein the method includes: a network side receiving an image identity message from a mobile terminal, wherein the image identity message carries current image feature information and a user identifier of the mobile terminal; and searching image feature information which is saved previously in a database by the user identifier of the mobile terminal, performing a corresponding algorithm match between the current image feature information and the image feature information according to a preset security level, and performing an authentication on the mobile terminal based on the result of the match. By means of the technical solution of the present invention applying, the image information collected by photo shooting is used as an identity identification password, therefore, the identity authentications of different security levels can be provided, and the security and the expansibility of the identity authentication of the mobile terminal is increased greatly.