A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode contains a negative electrode active material having a Lithium ion insertion potential of 0.4 V (vs. Li/Li+) or more. The separator is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator has a porosity of 50% or more and a pore diameter distribution in which a median diameter is larger than a mode diameter. The porosity and the pore diameter distribution are measured by mercury porosimetry. A surface roughness of the negative electrode is larger than the mode diameter.