A coarse timing synchronization acquisition method in a mobile communication system is applied to the timing synchronization acquisition of a mobile communication system that transmits the same signal blocks repeatedly, which comprises: starting from the beginning time instant of timing synchronization acquisition, iteratively calculating the delay correlation accumulation (DCA) values at K samples, when K is the number of DCA values at each time slot; M time slots are searched in each frame, the position corresponding to the maximum DCA value is taken as the estimate of timing synchronization position; M timing synchronization position estimates are obtained, and among these, one timing synchronization position estimate is selected as the candidate for the current frame timing synchronization position, and it is decided whether the candidate is reliable; after L frames are searched, a predicted timing synchronization position of the next frame is obtained by using the L timing synchronization positions.