A photostimulation apparatus may include: a membrane for insertion into a living body; and at least one cell disposed on the membrane. Each cell may include a first light source for irradiating light to a photosensitive material in the living body. Further, a photostimulation apparatus may include: a membrane for insertion into a living body; and at least one first light source disposed on the membrane for irradiating light to a photosensitive material in the living body. Since the photostimulation apparatus is placed on the surface of cortex or dura, it may minimize damage of the brain tissue and may activate and/or inhibit a large area simultaneously using light.