An image processing method includes: generating a stochastic screening dither matrix (S101); performing a centered positive-negative conversion operation on the stochastic screening dither matrix (S102); generating a screen dot dither contrast matrix for each color surface according to the stochastic screening dither matrix after being subjected to the positive-negative conversion operation and a stochastic screening dither threshold set for each color surface of an image; performing a logical “and” operation between each data item in a one-bit amplitude modulation screen dot matrix of each color surface of the image and a data item at a corresponding position in the screen dot dither contrast matrix of the color surface, and using a result as a processed value of a corresponding data item in the one-bit amplitude modulation screen dot matrix of the color surface. An apparatus corresponding to the image processing method is also provided. According to the above-described image processing method and apparatus, the problem in the prior art of an excess of pure-color pixels existing in an original one-bit dot matrix can be resolved.