In a friction transmission belt in which a compression rubber layer provided to an inner circumferential side of the belt body is wrapped over pulleys such that the compression rubber layer contacts the pulleys, such a configuration that both of a noise reduction and durability while the belt is running can be achieved is obtained. The compression rubber layer is configured so as not to include short fibers and so as to have a surface roughness, i.e., an Ra of at least a pulley contact surface of the compression rubber layer equal to or more than 3 μm.