The present invention provides a resource allocation method and device for an amplify-and-forward relay network. The method includes: obtaining channel information, where the channel information includes channel information between a base station BS and a relay station RS and channel information between the RS and each user equipment UE; calculating, according to the channel information, resource use information of each UE on each sub-channel pairing; and obtaining, according to the resource use information, the number of REs allocated to each UE on each sub-channel pairing, where the obtained number of the REs enables a preset first function to obtain a maximum value. In the embodiments of the present invention, the use efficiency of the resources may be improved.