An artificial biomembrane and a method for manufacturing the same. Raw film-forming materials, such as polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, are dissolved in water to form a glue liquid, into which a mixture of coal-based activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth powder sodium acetate and single strain or multiple strains of microbial cells are added. The resultant glue liquid is immobilized using powder beds or fluidized beds to form artificial biomembranes. The artificial biomembranes can be manufactured in a large-scale, with simple process of immobilization, high efficiency and low cost. The artificial biomembranes can be applied to ecological restorations and different polluted water environments, such as industrial wastewater, sewage, fishing water, landscape water, flowing water and the like.