This invention proposes an automatic retransmission controller and a retransmission block recombination apparatus, of which the automatic retransmission controller comprises a responsive reception unit that receives the information fed back from the receiver; a retransmission judging unit that determines coded data blocks to be retransmitted according to the information received by the responsive reception unit; and a data acquisition unit that acquires a part of data in each of the coded data blocks to be retransmitted judged by the retransmission judging unit for recombination to form a retransmission coded block, when the number of the coded data blocks to be transmitted is more than one.