A telemetry data retrieval apparatus and method for post-processing are provided. The telemetry data retrieval apparatus may include a retrieval initiating unit to receive an input of a retrieval time, and to calculate a percentage of the retrieval time during an entire retrieval period, a start position calculating unit to calculate a retrieval start position in which data retrieval is started within a stored file, based on the calculated percentage, and a telemetry data retrieval unit to verify a start pattern and a time tag from the calculated retrieval start position, and to retrieve a position of telemetry data in the stored file.