A wireless power transmission/reception apparatus includes a wireless power transmission unit. The transmission unit is configured to generate a wireless power signal to be transmitted, transmit the wireless power signal using magnetic resonance, receive a reflected wireless power signal from a wireless power reception unit, determine whether a load device is present, and transmit a further wireless power signal when it is determined that the load device is present in such a way that impedance and output power depending on variation in a distance to the load device are tracked, and wireless power is supplied to the load device in an optimized state. Accordingly, a separate transceiver module is not provided for the purpose of performing communication between a transmitting end and a receiving end, and a reception environment is automatically detected, thus enabling wireless power to be transmitted in an optimal wireless power transmission state.