The present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, discloses a method and apparatus in which a relay allocates carriers on a backhaul link and an access link in a multi-carrier wireless communication system. The method in which the relay allocates resources in a multi-carrier wireless communication system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: determining a subframe pattern allocated on a first uplink component carrier to enable a backhaul uplink transmission from the relay to a base station; determining a subframe requiring reception of an access uplink from user equipment to the relay on the first uplink component carrier in accordance with a synchronous HARQ operation; and transmitting resource allocation control information containing carrier switching indicating information to the user equipment in the event the subframe requiring reception of an access uplink is determined to be the same as the subframe allocated for backhaul uplink transmission on the first uplink component carrier.