Firearm bolt tail cleaning device has a device body and a plurality of cleaning arms arranged radially about a centerline and defining a cleaning slot configured to accept a bolt tail. The cleaning device slidably and rotatably interfaces with the bolt tail at inner wall portions of the plurality of cleaning arms, to remove debris from and to polish the bolt tail surface. The device is constructed of a polymer and 15 to 40 percent by weight of an abrasive material, such as glass fiber. Via interaction with the bolt tail, at least a portion of the plurality of cleaning arms become worn with use and expose more abrasive material which facilitates removing debris from and polishing the bolt tail surface. End portions of the body are open and each have a concavity.