An image forming apparatus includes a power-state switching unit, a proxy-process executing unit, a proxy-generation-information transmission unit, and a printing-process take-over unit. The power-state switching unit switches among a plurality of power states including an ordinary state and a power-saving state. The proxy-process executing unit executes a proxy process, which is a proxy process to halfway through a printing process, to be executed by an external target unit. The proxy-generation-information transmission unit transmits proxy generation information to the target unit when the power of the target unit is in the ordinary state. The printing-process take-over unit takes over printing from halfway based on the received proxy generation information.