Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method and an apparatus for transmitting a CPRI signal by means of a coaxial line. The method includes: converting a Common Public Radio Interface CPRI signal sent by a sending end into a parallel data stream; extracting valid data from the data stream by performing frame parsing; and converting the valid data into a transmittable analog signal, modulating the analog signal to a specified frequency, and sending it to a receiving end by means of a coaxial line. The present invention applies to transmission of a CPRI signal by means of a coaxial line.