A silicon layer transfer substrate includes a silicon substrate of a first substrate, a sacrificial layer, and a transfer silicon layer transferred to a second substrate, wherein the sacrificial layer has a silicon compound layer containing a compound of silicon and at least one element selected from a group consisting of germanium and carbon, and is provided on the silicon substrate of the first substrate, the silicon compound layer having a thickness equal to or smaller than a critical film thickness, the transfer silicon layer transferred to the second substrate is provided on the sacrificial layer, and at least either the silicon substrate or the silicon layer has a groove or a hole connected to the sacrificial layer.