Methods for fabricating nanopatterned cylindrical photomasks are disclosed. A master pattern having nanometer scale features may be formed on a master substrate. A layer of an elastomer material may be formed on a surface of a transparent cylinder. The master pattern may be transferred from the master to the layer of elastomer material on the surface of the transparent cylinder. Alternatively, a nanopatterned cylindrical photomask may be fabricated by forming a pattern having nanometer scale features on an elastomer substrate and laminating the patterned elastomer substrate to a surface of a cylinder. In another method, a layer of elastomer material may be formed on a surface of a transparent cylinder and a pattern having nanometer scale features may be formed on the elastomer material by a direct patterning process.