A precoding processing method and user equipment are disclosed. The precoding processing method includes: selecting a codebook vector for performing precoding processing for data among a codebook set of Nt antennas, where the codebook set includes a first codebook vector   [ A B ] of a uniform linear array and a second codebook vector   [ A - B ] generated according to the first codebook vector, where A is a (Nt/2)×1 vector composed of a first half of elements of the first codebook vector, B is a (Nt/2)×1 vector composed of a last half of elements of the first codebook vector, and Nt is a positive even number; and sending an index number of the codebook vector to a base station, whereupon the base station uses the codebook vector corresponding to the index number to perform precoding processing for the data to be transmitted by the antennas. Embodiments of the present invention make the codebook set compatible with two types of antenna configuration modes.