A method for measuring an audience of peers of a television channel streamed over a peer-to-peer network includes connecting at least one monitored peer to the peer-to-peer network and sending by the at least one monitored peer a request to at least one neighboring peer of the peer-to-peer network. There is an identifier of the at least one neighboring peer contained in its own list of neighboring peers. In reply to the request, receiving by the at least one monitored peer a list of neighboring peers receiving the television channel streamed over the peer-to-peer network and containing for this purpose, in their respective buffer memory, chunks of the television channel likely to be downloaded by any one of the peers of the peer-to-peer network. The method also includes updating by the at least one monitored peer of its own list of neighboring peers by adding to this list the identifiers of neighboring peers present in the list received and which were not already present in its own list of neighboring peers. The method further includes constructing the audience measurement from the list of neighboring peers of the at least one monitored peer.