A pharmaceutical composition includes a synthetic peptide consisting of about 10 to about 50 amino acids and having an amino acid sequence substantially homologous to consecutive amino acids of a portion of the cytoplasmic domain of at least one of αvβ3 integrin or VEGFR2 that includes a tyrosine residue, the amino acid sequence of the peptide including a phosphorylated tyrosine residue or a γ-carboxyglutamic acid residue that is substituted for a corresponding tyrosine residue of the portion of the cytoplasmic domain of αvβ3 integrin or VEGFR2.