The present invention provides a curvature adjustment structure of a curved liquid crystal display device, which includes: a backplane (1), at least one threaded rod (3) fixedly mounted to the backplane (1), a rack (5) arranged to correspond to the threaded rod (3) and having two ends positioned against the backplane (1), and an adjustment nut (7) in threading engagement with the threaded rod (3). The threaded rod (3) extends through the rack (5) and then mates the adjustment nut (7), whereby by rotating the adjustment nut (7) to compress or release the rack (5), the rack (5) is caused to compress or release the backplane (1) so as to achieve the adjustment of the curvature of the backplane (1). The adjustment of the curvature of the curved liquid crystal display device is made easy, improving the product appeal to the market and simplifying the structure to make it easy to make.