A computer-implemented method for data loss prevention may include 1) identifying a file hierarchy within a file system (where, e.g., the file hierarchy includes a plurality of files and folders), 2) identifying a defined file hierarchy structure that is associated with a data loss prevention policy (where, e.g., the defined file hierarchy structure identifies the relative locations of files and folders), 3) determining that the file hierarchy is implicated in the data loss prevention policy by determining that the defined file hierarchy structure corresponds to the file hierarchy, and 4) applying the data loss prevention policy to at least a portion of the file hierarchy based on determining that the file hierarchy is implicated in the data loss prevention policy. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.