A guide rail precision rotation apparatus is provided with a housing of torque motor and a bearing housing fixedly arranged on an upper surface of a base, and a bearing sleeved on an inner edge step at the upper end of bearing housing. The inner ring of bearing is sleevingly connected to an intermediate rotating body, the lower end of the body is connected to a bearing inner ring cap; a round grating is provided at an outer edge of lower end of the cap, a connecting piece is arranged on the motor, the lower end of connecting piece is fixedly connected to a rotary shaft of the motor, the connecting piece and the body are both connected to the lower end of a fine movement mechanism, and the upper end face of fine movement mechanism is fixedly connected to a rotary worktable.