Provided is a system for predicting production of a fruit tree, including a plant image obtaining unit collecting images of a fruit tree and confirming identification information about the fruit tree from the collected images, a branch pattern recognizing unit receiving an image of the fruit tree whose identification information is confirmed and extracting fruit bearing branches from among various kinds of branches belonging to the fruit tree, a fruit tree bud recognizing unit receiving an image of each of the extracted fruit bearing branches and extracting information about buds that fruits are actually to be born from among buds belonging to the fruit bearing branch, a meta database storing previous production predicting information about the fruit tree corresponding to the collected images, and a production estimating unit comparing the received bud information and the previous production predicting information to predict production of the fruit tree.