An imaging lens substantially consists of a negative first lens group and a positive second lens group in this order from the object side. The first lens group substantially consists of only a first lens, which is one biconcave lens. The second lens group substantially consists of, in the following order from the object side: a cemented lens, which is formed by bonding a second lens, i.e., a biconvex lens, and a third lens, i.e., a negative meniscus lens, in this order from the object side, and which has a positive refractive power as a whole; an aperture stop; and a cemented lens that is formed by bonding a fourth lens, i.e., a biconvex lens and a fifth lens, i.e., a negative meniscus lens in this order from the object side and that has a positive refractive power as a whole.