An illumination device (1a) includes a light source section (21) outputting excitation light; a fluorescent member (22) excited by the excitation light to emit illumination light; a first light transmitting section (24) disposed between the light source section (21) and the fluorescent member (22) to guide the excitation light output from the light source section (21) to the fluorescent member (22); and a second light transmitting section (25), which is arranged closer to the distal side than the fluorescent member (22) to guide the illumination light emitted from the fluorescent member (22). According to the invention, it is possible to provide an illumination device and an endoscope apparatus capable of exciting the fluorescent member to radiate illumination light, without directly radiating laser light from the light source section to the outside, even if a bending portion or more distal side than the bending portion is damaged in an insertion part.