A pruning system (1; 20) for planting rows (F) includes a frame (2) suited to support a pruning assembly (3; 30). The pruning assembly (3; 30) includes a first pruning assembly (3) in which it is possible to identify a plurality of cutting units (4) that are independent of and spaced from one another, the cutting units (4) being mechanically associated with the frame (2) through a plurality of first supporting rods (6) suited to allow the movement of the cutting units (4) according to an orthogonal direction with respect to the alignment direction of the planting rows (F). The supporting frame (2) can be associated with structure (7) for moving the frame (2) and the pruning assembly (3; 30) that are suited to make the pruning assembly (3; 30) assume different operating positions according to a parallel direction with respect to the alignment direction of the planting rows (F).