A transparent film, the back-face of which has excellent resistance to scratch and printability, and a surface protection film which has such a transparent film are provided. A transparent film 10 has a substrate layer 12 formed of a transparent resin material, and a back-face layer 14 with a thickness of 1 μm or less provided on a first face 12A thereof. A percent change in coefficient of friction Δμ is less than 10% for the transparent film 10 when the percent change is determined from a coefficient of friction μ50 of the back-face layer after being conserved at 50° C. and 15% RH for three days and a coefficient of friction μ80 of the back-face layer after being conserved at 80° C. and 80% RH for three days, with an absolute value of difference between the two coefficients of friction |μ80−μ50| being divided by the smaller value of the two coefficients of friction.