This disclosure provides systems, devices, and methods for sample preparation and/or analysis comprising a droplet generator having a first channel in fluid communication with a carrier fluid reservoir and a second channel in fluid communication with a sample reservoir. The first channel and second channel may meet at an intersection that receives a sample from the sample reservoir and a carrier fluid from the carrier fluid reservoir and generates one or more droplets that flow along a droplet channel to a droplet reservoir. An energy application member in thermal communication with the intersection, at least a portion of the droplet channel, the sample reservoir and/or the carrier fluid reservoir may provide energy to an individual droplet of the one or more droplets, such as at the intersection and/or as the droplet moves along the droplet channel to the droplet reservoir.