The present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more specifically, disclosed are a method and an apparatus for virtualizing an antenna. A method for communicating using a virtual antenna of a terminal in the wireless communication system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: configuring one or more virtual antennas according to an antenna virtualization pattern that is determined based on information indicating a movement status of the terminal and/or information indicating a communication status of the terminal; and communicating with the base station by using the one or more virtual antennas, wherein one or more physical antennas that are mapped to the one or more virtual antennas can be determined base on the direction of movement of the terminal.