A method for allocating uplink and downlink physical channels to improve throughput of a wireless access system is disclosed. A method for allocating channels to optimize a wireless access system which supports radio frequencies comprises configuring one or more physical channels in a transmitter; allocating first physical channels to a receiver considering features of the one or more physical channels; and transmitting one or more control channels to the receiver through a predetermined physical channel of the first physical channels, the control channels including configuration information of the first physical channels allocated to the receiver.