The present invention discloses a method and a device for transmitting data. The method includes: sending, by a base station, a time-frequency resource on which a communication equipment sends any one preamble to the base station on a physical random access channel and corresponding relationship between a physical random access feedback channel and a physical random access channel to a user equipment on a downlink resource through system broadcast; sending, by the communication equipment, any one preamble to the base station on the time-frequency resource, receiving random access feedback information sent by the base station, performing synchronization with the base station through a TA carried in the random access feedback information, sending an RRC connection request message to the base station on the time-frequency resource biased with a preset time, receiving an RRC establishment message sent by the base station, and then establishing an RRC connection with the base station.