Provided is an apparatus for a soil box experiment making a shape of a variable landslide surface. The apparatus for the soil box experiment making the shape of the variable landslide surface includes a soil box for realizing a slope on which landslide occurs, the soil box being inclinedly disposed and having an opened upper portion to accommodate soil therein, a base member disposed under the soil box to support the soil box, and a shape changing unit for changing a shape of a bottom surface of the soil box.