Embodiments of the present invention provide a data synchronization method and apparatus. The method includes: scanning a code to capture a synchronization instruction; replacing the captured synchronization instruction with a trap instruction; and when the code runs to the trap instruction, trapping a code execution right into a distributed shared memory (DSM) unit, where the DSM unit implements a concurrent multi-write protocol, but implements a single-write protocol when executing the synchronization instruction, thereby supporting the concurrent multi-write protocol and solving the synchronization problem caused by the concurrent multi-write protocol.