A resilient railway rail fastening clip (3) has successive first to seventh portions (31 to 37), where in a non-operative configuration, the first and seventh portions (31, 37) form leg portions lying in a first plane (P), the second and sixth portions extend substantially away from and above the first plane (P), at least parts of the third and fifth portions (33, 35) extend towards and above the first plane (P) with their longitudinal axes lying substantially in a second plane (R) that intersects the first plane (P) at a first acute angle α, and the fourth portion (34) extends substantially in or below the first plane (P) with its longitudinal axis lying substantially in a third plane (Q) that intersects the first plane (P) at a second acute angle β, where 0°