The present invention provides a precoding matrix indicator feedback method, a receive end, and a transmit end. The method includes: selecting, by a receive end based on a reference signal, a precoding matrix W from a codebook, where a coefficient α is used to perform phase adjustment on φn in W, φn represents a phase difference between weighted values of a first antenna group and a second antenna group of a transmit end for a transmission signal from a same transmission layer, φ n ∈ { ⅇ j2π ⁢ ⁢ n Q } , and the first antenna group and the second antenna group belong to a same multi-antenna system; and sending, by the receive end, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to the transmit end. In this way, using the coefficient α to perform the phase adjustment on φn can increase a size of a codebook set applicable to different antenna configurations, and improve precision of the receive end to feed back a PMI.