A method involving obtaining first calibration vibration data relating to vibrations of the lithographic apparatus from a sensor that is part of the lithographic apparatus and obtaining second calibration vibration data, the second calibration vibration data being a component of first parameter data of the lithographic apparatus. A filter is calculated from the first and second calibration vibration data, the filter being such that when applied to the first calibration vibration data, its output correlates closer with the second calibration vibration data. The filter can then be applied to vibration data obtained using the first sensor to obtain an estimate of a vibration component of the first parameter data during the lithographic process.