An image processing method includes searching for areas matching each other between a plurality of input images, the plurality of input images comprising a reference image and a target image, generating hierarchical image structures formed of a plurality of hierarchical images having different resolutions with respect to the matching areas between the plurality of input images, repeatedly performing image processing based on a similarity of values of pixels matching each other in the plurality of hierarchical images of the same level by using the hierarchical image structures generated with respect to the matching areas, and generating an output image by using pixel values according to the repeated image processing.