The invention is directed to a fluorescence immunochromatography method carried out by illuminating a fluorescent substance in a membrane with excitation light and detecting fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent substance, by applying a sample to a test strip having a membrane and a transparent film attached to the surface of the membrane, wherein the transparent film satisfies Formula (1) Formula (1) nFf>nWf (nFf: refractive index of transparent film at wavelength λf of the fluorescence) (nWf: refractive index of analyte liquid at wavelength λf of the fluorescence), and wherein the membrane contains a fluorescent labeling reagent which binds to target substance contained in the sample; binding the fluorescent labeling reagent to the target substance; immobilizing the fluorescent labeling reagent bound to the target substance in the membrane; detecting the presence of target substance.