Provided are a magnetic rotation accelerator and a power generation system. The magnetic rotation accelerator includes: a shaft; a fixed plate through which the shaft penetrates and on which a plurality of first magnetic units are disposed; and a rotary plate through which the shaft penetrates, which faces the fixed plate and on which a plurality of second magnetic units are disposed, wherein a repulsive force is generated between the first magnetic units and the second magnetic units, the first magnetic units form a first row and a second row around the shaft, and the second magnetic units form a third row and a fourth row around the shaft, wherein central axes of the first magnetic units of the first row are in phase with central axes of the first magnetic units of the second row, and central axes of the second magnetic units of the third row are out of phase with central axes of the second magnetic units of the fourth row.