The present invention provides a method for transmitting and receiving data in a single carrier frequency division multiple access system to which a precoding matrix is applied, and to a transmitting/receiving apparatus for same. The method for transmitting data comprises the steps of: applying selected mapping algorithm (SLM) sequences of an SLM sequence subset corresponding to a precoding matrix, to respective data; selecting the SLM sequence in which each of the applied data has the smallest peak to average power ratio (PAPR) value; and transmitting the index of the selected SLM sequence and data to which the selected SLM sequence is applied. The method for receiving data, to which a precoding matrix is applied, comprises the steps of: receiving the index of the SLM sequence selected from the SLM sequence subset corresponding to the precoding matrix, and data to which the selected SLM sequence is applied; and removing the SLM sequence from the data to which the SLM sequence is applied using the SLM sequence indicated by the index, in order to recover data.