An embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive channel bandwidth switching method, including: buffering service data to be sent; sending a first microwave frame to a receiving end device; performing a receiving configuration after processing the first microwave frame; continuously sending second microwave frames to the receiving end device; switching a configuration related to the symbol rate after receiving the second microwave frames; performing symbol synchronization; performing frame synchronization; performing equalizer convergence; sending a third microwave frame to the receiving end device after the receiving end device performs the equalizer convergence; performing a receiving configuration after processing the third microwave frame; stopping buffering the service data to be sent; and sending a fourth microwave frame to the receiving end device, so as to switch the channel bandwidth. The embodiment of the present invention provides an effective method for improving link availability.