The present invention relates to a scalable video coding method and apparatus using inter prediction mode. A decoding method includes determining motion information prediction mode on a target decoding block of an enhancement layer, predicting motion information on the target decoding block of the enhancement layer using motion information on the neighboring blocks of the enhancement layer, if the determined motion information prediction mode is a first mode, and predicting the motion information on the target decoding block of the enhancement layer using motion information on a corresponding block of a reference layer, if the determined motion information prediction mode is a second mode.