A display apparatus includes a light permeable substrate, dummy pixels, a peripheral wiring layer and a display element layer. The dummy pixels are disposed on the light permeable substrate. Each of the dummy pixels includes a dummy pattern controlling layer. The peripheral wiring layer is disposed on the light permeable substrate for applying voltages having the same polarity to the dummy pattern controlling layers. The display element layer covers the light permeable substrate and the dummy pixels. The peripheral wiring layer and the dummy pattern controlling layer are spaced apart by a gap. The gap allows light to be reflected from the display element layer to the light permeable substrate.