A novel semiconductor device, a semiconductor device where influence of noise is lessened, or a semiconductor device with high reliability is provided. A first circuit has a function of generating an optical data signal in accordance with the amount of irradiation light and a function of generating a reset signal corresponding to a reset state of the first circuit. A second circuit has a function of controlling output of the optical data signal and the reset signal from the first circuit to a fourth circuit. A third circuit has a function of controlling generation of the reset signal to be output from the first circuit to the fourth circuit. The fourth circuit has a function of calculating the difference between the optical data signal input from the first circuit and the reset signal input from the first circuit after input of the optical data signal.