A method and a system for controlling an emergency descent of an aircraft. The system (1) includes a unit (2) for detecting an emergency situation, a unit (11) for calculating a usual emergency descent command, a unit (12) for calculating a limited emergency descent command, a selection unit (14) configured for selecting the usual emergency descent command or, if application conditions are met and if the limited descent command is less than said usual emergency descent command and greater than a regulation emergency descent command, selecting the limited emergency descent command, and a unit (4) for application, to the aircraft, of the selected emergency descent command.