The invention relates to a method for controlling the process during rough grinding of a workpiece (2) in which, according to the invention, the workpiece (2) is measured during grinding by a sensor (13) to ascertain an actual size, and the measured actual size is corrected in a continuously automatic manner to attain a predetermined specified size according to grinding time. The invention also relates to a grinding machine which is provided for carrying out the method and which comprises a grinding wheel (10) for rough grinding a workpiece (2) on a grinding spindle head. The grinding machine also has a sensor (13) for detecting a ground workpiece dimension, and comprises a machine control, whereby the workpiece (2) is held between a workpiece spindle (1A) and a tail spindle (4A). According to the invention, the sensor (13) is arranged primarily in a plane formed by the contact area of the grinding wheel (10) which turns on the workpiece (2), and during rough grinding, said sensor continuously transmits measurement signals to the machine control. Said machine control controls the grinding wheel (10) based on these signals in such a way that the grinding process can be executed as an in-process control.