The present disclosure provides a polymerizable compound of the formula (I) where the R 1 , R 2 , R’ 1 , R’ 2 , X 1 to X 8 , Y 1 , Y 2 , M and L have any of values as defined in the specification. The disclosure also provides an oligomer, a homo-polymer, or a co-polymer of compound of the formula (I). The disclosure also provides methods for preparing the compound of the formula (I) and methods for preparing polymers of the compound of the formula (I), and to methods and intermediates useful for preparing them. The disclosure also provides methods for the use of the polymers of formula (I) as chiral catalysts in enantioselective preparative processes.